Google Cloud Professional Data Engineer Exam

What components must be included in a data governance framework to improve compliance across different regions?

1. Data lakes and warehouses

2. Data catalogs and labeling

3. Machine learning resources

4. High-speed networks

The correct answer is: Data catalogs and labeling

Including data catalogs and labeling in a data governance framework is crucial for improving compliance across different regions. Data catalogs serve as organized repositories that provide metadata about data assets, making it easier for teams to find, understand, and manage data in accordance with regulatory requirements. They help document data lineage, usage, and policies associated with each data asset, which is essential for ensuring compliance with local regulations like GDPR in Europe or CCPA in California. Labeling data further enhances governance by allowing organizations to classify data according to sensitivity, compliance requirements, and usage policies. This classification enables teams to apply appropriate access controls and handling procedures based on the data's compliance needs. For example, sensitive personal information can be tagged to enforce stricter data access and handling protocols. Together, these components foster an environment where organizations can monitor and manage data access and usage effectively. This approach not only promotes adherence to regulations but also builds trust with stakeholders regarding data handling practices, minimizing the risks associated with non-compliance.